JE vaccine required for all service members traveling to Korea, Japan Published Feb. 13, 2015 By Airman 1st Class Megan McCleery 509th Medical Operations Squadron WHITEMAN AIR FORCE BASE, Mo. -- The threat from Japanese encephalitis (JE) is small but real with a potential for very serious consequences. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices of the Centers for Disease Control has recommended vaccination against JE for all Americans (2 months and older) who spend a month or more in the Republic of Korea (ROK) or Japan. As a result, the Air Force surgeon general has provided guidance requiring all service members assigned, deployed or temporary duty to the ROK and Japan to receive the two-dose vaccine series. In addition, the vaccine is recommended for Department of Defense civilians and dependents. What is Japanese encephalitis? JE is a rare and preventable disease caused by a virus spread by infected mosquitoes in Asia and the western Pacific. The virus is one of a group of mosquito-transmitted viruses that can cause inflammation of the brain. It usually occurs in rural or agricultural areas, often associated with rice farming. In temperate areas of Asia, transmission is seasonal and human disease usually peaks in the summer and fall. However, transmission can occur year-round, often with a peak during the rainy season. It takes five to 15 days to develop symptoms. Most will develop mild symptoms or none at all. In people who develop severe disease, initial symptoms include fever, chills, headache, fatigue, nausea and vomiting. The disease can progress to inflammation of the brain and is often accompanied by seizures. Coma and paralysis can occur in rare cases. No specific treatments have been found to benefit patients with JE, but hospitalization for supportive care and close observation is generally required. Rest, fluids and use of pain relievers and medication to reduce fever may relieve some symptoms. General vaccine information The JE vaccine is a two-shot series given 28 days apart and is recommended for travelers 2 months and older. It was approved for use in March 2009 for 17 years of age and older. In May 2013, it was cleared for use in children 2 months through 16 years old. As with all immunizations, there are medical reasons that may prevent you from receiving the vaccine. If you have any questions or concerns about the vaccine please contact your healthcare provider or the immunization clinic. For additional information about JE, please contact Whiteman AFB Public Health at (660) 687-4305.